Cosmology View

My views on Cosmology and Physics

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Books by David Michalets

Mass and Gravity

5 My Changes to an Atomic Model

This is section 5 of 11 in the web-book.

My changes to any atomic model for my gravity mechanism are simple.

The 2 fundamental particles are the electron and proton.

Ignoring all other particles  and quasi-particles was justified in section Matter and Mass.

Each particle, electron or proton,  is created with a charge behavior, always the same amount, but the polarity is positive for the heavier proton and negative for the lighter electron.

Each particle is created with a mass behavior, or it is sensitive to another mass. This senstivity can be measured by their mutual force of gravity.

The positive proton has a value 1836 greater than the negative electron.

The actual values are usually stated in atomic mass units, which can be converted to kg.

The mass of an atom is also stated in atomic mass units.

There are intergalactic plasma filaments connecting galaxy clusters. Laniakea is a compilation of this network of intergalactic filaments.

These filaments carry plasma as protons and electrons. It is impossible to count the particle distribution in a filament.

The mechanism driving these filaments over great distances remains unknown. Their dimensions are astronomical (pun intended) when compared to our solar system.

Protons and electrons compose everything in the universe.

5.1 Internal Structures in Subatomic Particles

Both a proton and electron must have an internal structure within the particle simply because particle has 2 distinct, unrelated behaviors, charge and mass.

Positrons appear to replace an electron in certain events. This suggests the charge behavior can change its polarity without affecting the mass behavior in an electron.

In my analysis of the atomic mass defect, I concluded that the compression of a proton into a nucleus slightly reduces its size, based on measurements of the size of different nuclei.

This size reduction is accompanied by a slight reduction of its measured mass, based on analyzing the mass of consecutive isotopes.

This implies the internal structure driving the mass behavior is affected by a size reduction of the entire particle.

There are no measurements of the charge of only a nucleus, so it is impossible to check whether the charge behavior ever changes at the same time as the mass behavior.

I will not conjecture a possible internal structure within either particle.

It is impossible to know the current structure, so it is pointless to define a hidden structure when it is impossible to confirm or deny the hypothesis.

Technology at the level of a tiny electron or proton must advance to the point where more data are available enabling the detection of something which could justify a hypothesis of an internal structure to test.

With current technology, I believe it is impossible to analyze these particles to determine what's inside them

Colliders broke a proton into 3 pieces but none of the pieces were either the charge or mass function of the particle.

The internal structure must remain a mystery until more data enable hypotheses to be proposed and tested.

Go to Table of Contents, to read a specific section.

last change 03/21/2022