1 Ancient Metaphysics

I loosely defined ancient as before Isaac Newton.

1.1 Aristotle

The Standford Encyclopedia of Philosophy has a relevant entry titled

Aristotle's Metaphysics

I recommend reading the relatively short reference. This paragraph indicates his metaphysics was immature, needing more experience among more observers, to build a diverse base of knowledge.

Ζ.13 therefore produces a fundamental tension in Aristotle's metaphysics that has fragmented his interpreters. Some maintain that Aristotle's theory is ultimately inconsistent.

Reference.

https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/aristotle-metaphysics/

1.2 Velikovsky

Immanuel Velikovsky (IV) described in great detail several catastrophic events endured by humanity. These events were remembered as myths, with an associated god who was the cause of the event.

IV compared these stories among different cultures around the world. IV concluded that sometimes one of the planets was the god in the myths arising from a similar story in different cultures. An approach of any other planet would certainly affect all civilzations around our planet

A planetary encounter has such drastic consequences that cultures around the world would have recorded the event in some way.

A mythical story could become part of an oral tradition.

Alternately, an event could be recorded in a painting or a carving on a rock face.

Some cultures created figures using their available materials.

Some cultures had a written language. Many know of Egyptian hieroglyphs, which date back over 3000 years.

Relevant to the topic of metaphysics, IV published 2 books, 1) Worlds in Collision (in 1950), and 2) Earth in Upheaval (in 1955)

The first chronicled the similar mythical stories from around the world, having similar actors.

The second chronicled geological evidence of what he called cataclysmic evoulution.

From the 1970's through the 1980's, several academic journals provided scientists doing research on topics related to Velikovsky a means of publishing their work. IV also published several articles. IV died in 1979.
After one jounal finished its run, soon, the next journal began its series.

The sequence of journals was Pensee, Kronos, Aeon.

In June 2001, I created a series of web pages to summarize these journals, for my personal reference. Putting this information in the web site was convenient. If anyone ever wished a simple list of contents of the journals were available, then they could use this web page.
I had no incentive to improve the format or content, since doing the exercise log ago. Another journal did not follow, so this format for publishing new research on catastrophism ended.

I admit this presentation offers limited detail

My archive for catastrophism research

https://www.cultureandreligion.com/html/catastrophism.html

The web pages provide:

a) the dates of the issues,

b) a table of contents of each issue.

These journals contain a wealth of academic research.

I cannot present the material published in the issues.

I can present only the authors and topics of their research.

Perhaps, only thosewho are interested in the origin of the electric universe cosmology will be interested. I provide the link for those people.

The issues of these old journals can be purchased on-line.

Despite being published many years ago, you must pay a fee to view the old issues in one ne site, while another site still offers issues for purchase.

In 1946, IV published Cosmos Without Gravitation.

I found a public archive of the 1946 book, and presented my analysis, in an on-line book of web pages.

Review of Cosmos Without Gravitation

https://www.cosmologyview.com/Books/RCwG/rcwg.html

Velikovsky was not a physicist.

He proposed some changes at the level of metaphysics. Here in this section, I will ignore the book, util a later section about the electric universe cosmology.

I must mention Velikovsky, because

a) his research is important in understanding the metaphysics of our distant ancestors.

b) he is so important to the origin of the electric universe cosmology.

His later books, WiC and EiU, remain important and worthwhile for their thorough research.

Graham Hancock, a well-known author of books about ancient civilations, and Robert Schoch, a geologist (PhD), continue to investigate archeological evidence of ancient civilizations. The "oldest" sign of a human civilization continues to get "older" with new discoveries.

They discovered that the Younger Dryas, an abrupt global climate change, affected some civilizations around the world, present at the time of the event. This event is important to climate scientists, because the abrupt change remains without an agreed cause.

1.3 Progress of Metaphysics in the Ancient Phase.

Unexplainable events were assigned to actions by mythical, invisible gods.

Those more sophisticated civilizations, who survived the event, could leave a permanent recod, like by a carving on a rock. Others could pass mythical stories to the next generation.

Go to Table of Contents, to read a specific section.

last change 05/28/2022